2021年北京市东城高三英语下学期二模试题试卷

今天，北京高考志愿填报老师整理了2021年北京市东城区高三英语下学期二模试题试卷免费下载，供同学们参考；

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）

第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在 答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Last week， I drove to Joe’s Hardware to get a few items. Upon returning to my

1 ， I noticed a cat underneath and bent down to investigate. At this point， my wallet

fell off——but I didn’t notice it was 2 until about an hour later. I 3 my steps 5 asked around and tore my car inside out. Nothing. I lost my wallet.

After this fact sank in， I was about to call the bank and have them 4 me a new credit card when a little voice inside my head said， “Whoa！ 5 . Someone must have picked it up. An average citizen， just like you. What would she or he do？”

So I held back and I was going to give it a day. Then， early that evening， I was surfing the Internet for a new wallet when I heard a knock on the door. There was a man who I did not 6 . Could it be？

After we exchanged greetings， he 7 me my wallet. He found it in the parking lot， thought of dropping it off at Joe’s Hardware but 8 to drive over and return it in person.

He told me his 9 ， but I was overcome with emotion and cannot be 100% sure. I

think it was David. I offered him a cash reward but he refused. He was just a regular guy doing the right thing.

David， thank you so very much for returning my wallet and reinforcing my belief that there are some good and 10 people around.

1.A. car B. home C.bank D. shop

2. A. broken B. empty C.stolen D. missing

3. A. recovered B， recorded C. retraced D. reduced

4. A. loan B. send C. show D. pass

5. A. Come on B. Cheer up C. Slow down D. Look out

6. A. doubt B. recognize C. admire D. remember

7. A. awarded B. found C. brought D. handed

8. A. happened B. decided C. intended D. hesitated

9. A. age B.hobby C. name D.job

10， A. decent B. courageous C. cautious D. humble

第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在 给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

A

I grew up in a remote village. There was no such thing as a book in most families. It was at the school library that I 11 (discover) the joy of reading. There I spent hours reading whatever attracted my interest. I’m sure I did not understand everything in those books at the time. 12 I did understand was the pleasure that good stories offer and the power of books to introduce me to lives and experiences 13 my own. I was “hooked on books，” as the saying goes.

B

Wind is one of our cleanest and most abundant power sources. Europe is leading the way in wind power. Nearly 75% of all turbines(M力发电机) 14 (locate) there. The country that produces the most energy from wind is Germany. However， Germany 15 (consume)

a lot of energy， and wind only supplies about 5% of all its electrical needs. Denmark is the global leader in this field， which uses wind 16 (supply) almost 20% of its energy.

C

There are two different ways to think about an old shipwreck(沉船). Some people value its financial worth. They’ve spent a lot of time and money searching for the wreck. When they 17 (final) find it， they believe that the ship and its contents should be

18 (they). These people are usually referred to as treasure hunters. For other people， however， a ship 19 (lie) at the bottom of the sea is a valuable opportunity to study how citizens from past cultures lived and traveled. Those people are marine archaeologists，

20 study underwater historical sites.

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）

第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该 项涂黑。

A

Liu Jichen， founder and CEO of Clear Plate？ ， designed a mini-program that recognizes empty plates and rewards users with points. These points can be exchanged for gifts like books and cellphones， or better yet， they can be used to purchase charity meals donated to poor children in rural areas of China.

In 2016， Liu， a then student of Tsinghua University， noticed a popular campaign called Leftover Party”， where people brought their leftovers to eat together， intending to raise awareness of food waste. Liu and his classmates organized one such event， which was attended by hundreds of people. The success encouraged him to spread the concept of reducing food waste to a wider audience.

The idea of a mini-program struck him at a dinner in 2017 when Liu dined at a restaurant， which rewarded diners who finished off their food. Liu found that the restaurant would give these diners a card every time and offer them small gifts when they collected a certain number of cards， “Everyone who values food can enjoy a sense of gain at a lower cost，” Liu said， noting that such an idea could be realized online.

He formed a team to work on the project. Yet it was quite a challenge for the Al system to identify the uploaded photos. Liu and his team？ assisted by more than 1，000 others， spent half a year collecting over 100，000 samples across the country to train the digital brain.

There were so many uncertainties in research and development. For our team members， the biggest challenge was whether we were confident enough to complete it，” Liu said. They not only achieved their goal， but now， the mini-program has more than five million registered users. “We hope to inspire everyone to take action against food waste and to contribute Chinese wisdom and solutions to global food security challenges，” he added.

21.What inspired Liu Jichen to create the mini-program？

A. A restaurant’s practice. B. His interest in high tech.

C. A campaign concept. D. His classmates’ advice.

22.What is the main aim of the mini-program？

A. To increase awareness of charity. B. To encourage people to save food.

C. To collect photos of empty plates. D. To promote books and other gifts.

23.Which of the following words can best describe Liu Jichen？

A. Generous and optimistic. B. Loving and easy-going.

C. Determined and responsible. D. Grateful and considerate.

For people who struggle to read text， technology can be a lifeline. Actually， assistive technology (AT) tools for reading can also be useful to students who just need some extra assistance to aid reading fluency or comprehension. These tools are inexpensive and easy to find. They open up the wonderful world of reading， making text accessible to students of all abilities. But with so many tools out there， it’s not always easy to know which ones to use.

To help， here’s a guide to some best ones.

？Graphic organizers

They are visual representations9 like diagrams and mind maps， of ideas and concepts. You can use graphic organizers to help with comprehension while reading. Graphic organizers can be digital or pen and paper.

？Annotation aids

They let you take notes and write comments while reading. This can make it easier to keep information. Annotation aids can be part of software or apps， or they can be traditional pens， markers， and sticky notes.

？Display control

It allows you to control how text is displayed. When reading on a screen， you can change the font(字体)，font size， and spacing of text. You can also cover parts of the screen to lessen distractions(干扰)while reading.

？Text-to-speech (TTS)

It lets you see text and hear it read aloud at the same time. To use this tool， you click on words， and you’ll hear the words read by computer-generated voices. You can even read after it and record your own voice. TTS can also be used to change any digital text files into audio files.

？ Optical character recognition (OCR)

It can read aloud text from images and pictures. You can use OCR by taking photos of worksheets， paper documents， and even objects like street signs. Like TTS， OCR uses computer-generated voices.

Keep in mind that using AT reading tools won’t prevent people from learning to read. For example， experts say audiobooks can actually help kids become better readers.

24.If a reader prefers taking his feelings down while reading， he’d better use .

A.graphic organizers

C.display control

25.What feature makes OCR unique？

B.Editing photos of documents.

D. Using computer-generated voices.

26.According to the author， AT reading tools are

Whether hunting or competing for limited space and resources， humans are the planet’s super predator（捕食者）. As the human population expands， it is getting harder for other creatures to find somewhere to hide during the day. Now new findings indicate animals around the world have come up with another strategy： They are becoming nocturnal.

In a paper published in Science， researchers analyzed 76 previous scientific studies about human impact on animal activity. They compared animals5 activity during the day and night in areas of high human disturbance （from hunting or farming to hiking and other outdoor recreation） and low human disturbance （relatively natural conditions）. The analysis showed animals are becoming an average of 1.36 times more nocturnal due to high human disturbance.

For example， in Poland wild boars go from 48% nocturnal in natural forests to 90% nocturnal in urban areas. Even activities people consider relatively innocuous， such as hiking and wildlife viewing， strongly affected animals’ daily rhythms. “We think that we’re leaving no trace often when we’re outdoors， but we can be having lasting consequences on animal behavior，” says Kaitlyn Gaynor， lead researcher for the study.

This is not the first time animals have had to live at night ； during the time of dinosaurs， they were also nocturnal. Dinosaurs were this ubiquitous（无处不在的），scary force， and only after their extinction did mammals（哺孚L动物）emerge into the daylight， Gaynor says. “And now humans have taken over and are pushing other animals back into the night.”

Scientists suspect becoming nocturnal may hurt those species highly adapted to the sun. They might not be able to live well at night， which would ultimately hurt their chances of survival and reproduction. Perhaps even more alarming effects could be in the wider ecosystem. In California’s Santa Cruz Mountains， coyotes have been more nocturnal in response to hikers and have started to alter their diets from daytime prey？ such as squirrels and birds， to nocturnal prey， such as rats and rabbits.

Exactly how ecological communities will change， and whether it will be for better or worse， requires further study. Some nighttime shifts may benefit both animals and humans， Gaynor notes. For instance， tigers in Nepal are avoiding potentially deadly conflicts with people as they become more nocturnal.

Studies like this one will eventually help conservation managers make better decisions about how to protect ecosystems. “Well need to understand local dynamics to really understand how we should be changing management of wildlife populations or human activities，w Gaynor notes， “One potential approach might be to manage the timing of human activities so that we leave some of the daylight for other animals.”

27.How do animals respond to increasing human disturbance？

A.By limiting food intake. B. By leaving their habitat.

C. By controlling population. D. By adjusting daily routine.

28.What does the underlined word “innocuous” in Paragraph 3 probably mean？

A.Harmless. B. Recreational.

C. Organized. D. Irregular.

29.Why does the author mention dinosaurs？

A.To highlight the importance of daylight.

B.To indicate the domination of humans.

C.To illustrate mammals， adaptability.

D.To demonstrate dinosaurs， power.

30.What can we learn about animals’ becoming nocturnal？

A.It has led to a new ecological balance.

B.It demands more conservation areas.

C.It may encourage bio-diversity.

D.It might be double-edged.

D

An 8-year-old boy I know is small for his age， shorter and slighter than his friends， even smaller than his 5-year-old sister. Concerned about the increasing use and possible risks of growth hormone（生长激素），I asked his mother if she’d considered treating him with it. She replied， “Not really. He’s built like his father， who was short and slight as a boy and didn，t shoot up until college.”

His father， at 41， is now 6 feet tall， though still very slender. He recalls being a reasonably athletic child but without the physical power of his friends， making up for what he lacked in mass with speed and agility. “I enjoyed competitive sports and worked on skills others didn’t have，w he told me， and said he encourages his son to recognize and capitalize on the skills he has.

If only every parent with a short but healthy child approached the matter as sensibly. Experts estimate that 60% to 80% of children who are short for their age do not have a growth hormone deficiency（缺乏）or other medical condition that limits growth. But knowing there’s a therapy available to increase height， some parents seek a medical solution for a perceived problem， even when there is no medical abnormality. They should also know？ however， that new research has linked growth hormone treatment to serious unfavorable health effects years later.

Dr. Adda Grimberg， a doctor at Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia， recalled that “Twenty years ago， families were focused on health. They came in with a child who was not growing right and wanted to know if there was an underlying disease. Now， more and more， they’re focused on height. They want growth hormone， looking for a specific height. But this is not like online shopping； you can’t just place an order and make a child the height you want.”

In 2003 ？ the Food and Drug Administration approved use of recombinant human growth hormone for the condition known as “idiopathic short stature”， or short build of unknown cause， which is not a disease. But it has caused a growing number of parents to consider using the hormone to boost the height of their children.

The resulting rush to therapy reflects concerns about a widespread societal bias（偏见） against shortness， rather than a true medical need. Experts have noted that the practice backs up the belief that short stature is unacceptable， leading to an increasing demand for therapy. It is far better， Dr. Grimberg suggested， to help a short child develop coping skills than to buy inches through medicine.

31.As for the parents， attitude to their 8-year-old boy’s shortness， the author is .

A. critical B. tolerant C. supportive D. worried

32.How do many parents today react to their children’s shortness？

A.They are eager to get the expected result.

B.They spare no effort to sort out the cause.

C.They feel disturbed by their children’s health.

D.They help develop their children’s coping skills.

33.What can we learn about the growth hormone treatment？

A.It might be officially recommended.

B.It may fuel height discrimination.

C.It is targeted at certain diseases.

D.It is pushed by a medical need.

34.Which would be the best title for this passage？

A.Shower the Short with Growth Hormones

B.Find Replacement for Growth Hormones

C.Assess the Effects of Growth Hormones

D.Weigh the Use of Growth Hormones

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。

Five Established Memory Boosters

Can’t remember where you left your car keys again？ 35 And as smartphones and tablets make it possible to outsource memory storage to our devices， the act of forgetting may be easier than ever. But scientists are still discovering how everyday actions can lead to enhancements in our overall memory capacity. Here are a few simple tips for mastering your memory：

GET SOME SLEEP. As we’re sleeping， our brains change recent experiences into long-term memory， a process known as consolidation. 36 A 2014 Science study found mice that slept after acquiring a new task were able to preserve the memory better than their counterparts lacking in sleep.

EXERCISE REGULARLY. If you need another reason to hit the gym， regular exercise一specifically？ aerobic exercise一has been shown to enhance memory recall， particularly in young adults. For older adults， it can even put off brain shrinkage.

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